Victorian House

MVHR systems for
Tenement flats in Glasgow

Niddrie Road EnerPHit Project

107 Niddrie Road is a pre-1919 red sandstone tenement in Govanhill in the south side of Glasgow owned by Southside Housing Association. It consists of eight one-bedroom flats and a communal close and back court.

This project was designed to the EnerPHit methodology (Passivhaus for retrofit) and features ultra high levels of insulation and airtightness combined with new heating and ventilation system.

Design Brief

The EnerPHit method was chosen because it is the most robust strategy worldwide to reduce carbon emissions and protect tenants from fuel poverty. Southside Housing Association (SHA) commissioned this groundbreaking retrofit which was supported by Scottish Government, Glasgow City Council and the housing association themselves. The whole building was in a parlous state internally and externally and had been vacant for a couple of years. It was also, unusually, in the single ownership of SHA which gave us a unique opportunity.

The design approach was three fold: i) building repairs and conservation of the tenement, ii) energy efficient measures and iii) improved layouts and upgraded finishes such as new kitchens and bathrooms.

Niddrie Road EnerPHit

Design Process

We have upgraded the building fabric to minimise the heating demand by ensuring the whole envelope is wrapped in high levels of insulation, minimising thermal bridging and ensuring there is a continuous airtightness line, including continuity at all key junctions (eg. at eaves level, windows etc.) General building repairs have been carried out including a repair / restoration of the sandstone street facade.

Four flats are heated by individual air source heat pumps (ASHP) which take heat from the external air and uses it to provide hot water for radiators and domestic hot water. The four upper flats are heated by new efficient combi gas boilers.

All eight flats have their own mechanical ventilation heat recovery unit (MVHR) installed above the ceiling in the bathrooms. These extract moist / stale air from kitchens and bathrooms while bringing in fresh air from the outside. The heat exchanger transfers the heat from the stale air to the fresh to minimise heat loss which reduces the heating demand.
The upper six flats have wastewater heat recovery units installed to the bath / shower so heat can be recirculated back into the hot water system to reduce the water heating demand.

MVHR Specifics

A ceiling mounted Passive House MVHR unit (Zehnder ComfoAir 160 LuxePH) was chosen for installation in the bathroom ceilings. These were lowered to take the MVHR unit, attenuators and ducting.

Attenuators: Lindab LRCA 125 500 (best performing)

Manifolds:  Customised Lindab MCU

Ducting: Frankische Pro-ducting 90mm

External Terminals: Maico KWH125

Internal Terminals: Lindab Airy 125, Filtered kitchen extract and Zehnder Venezia

Fire collars had be installed for all duct penetrations through the hallway walls.

Niddrie Road EnerPHit

The Works

The penetration through the external walls for the MVHR systems turned out to be the most difficult part of the installation, as very little wall space was available for the two 125mm ducts. We decided to use a combi-grille on the outside, in order to keep the ducts as close together as possible.

The Outcome

The heating demand has been reduced to 25.9 kWh/m2/year through a fabric first approach which is approximately 90% lower than that of a similar sandstone tenement. The lower four flats are fossil fuel free as they use zero carbon technologies (ASHP).

Overall the project demonstrates the potential to conserve Glasgow’s beautiful stone heritage whilst creating flats which will cost less to heat than a new build equivalent, using a range of natural, low embodied materials. The properties are being monitored by the University of Strathclyde in combination with an extensive evaluation of the design and build process by CaCHE in the coming year or so.

Niddrie Road EnerPHit

Further Information

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